Understanding Data Types in C++

C++ provides several built-in data types that can be categorized into different groups:

• Primitive Data Types: These are the basic data types provided by C++.
  • int: Used to store integer values (e.g., int age = 30;)
  • float: Used for floating-point numbers (e.g., float price = 19.99;)
  • double: Used for double-precision floating-point numbers (e.g., double pi = 3.14159;)
  • char: Used to store single characters (e.g., char initial = 'A';)
  • bool: Used to store boolean values (true or false) (e.g., bool isActive = true;)
• Derived Data Types: These are data types derived from the primitive types.
  • array: A collection of elements of the same type (e.g., int numbers[5];)
  • pointer: A variable that stores the address of another variable (e.g., int* ptr;)
  • function: A block of code that performs a specific task (e.g., int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; })
• User-Defined Data Types: These allow users to define their own data types.
  • struct: A collection of variables (e.g., struct Person { string name; int age; };)
  • class: A blueprint for creating objects (e.g., class Car { string model; int year; };)
  • enum: A user-defined type consisting of a set of named integer constants (e.g., enum Color { RED, GREEN, BLUE };)