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Data Types in Python

Learn about data types in Python, which define the nature of data stored in variables. Understand strings, integers, floats, and booleans with easy-to-follow examples.

Overview of Data Types

Data types are like labels that tell Python what kind of information is being stored in a variable. They help Python understand how to handle that data when performing operations like math, comparisons, or text processing.

Quick Quiz: Data Types Basics

What is the purpose of data types in Python?

  • To make code look prettier
  • To define how data should be handled
  • To slow down program execution

1. String (str)

A string is a type of data that holds text. Strings are created by placing text inside single quotes (' '), double quotes (" "), or triple quotes (''' ''' or """ """).


# Example of a string
name = "Alice"          # Using double quotes
greeting = 'Hello!'     # Using single quotes
multiline_text = """This is 
a multiline string."""  # Using triple quotes

# Simple string operations
print(name)             # Output: Alice
print(greeting + " " + name)  # Output: Hello! Alice

Tip: Strings can be combined using the + operator (called concatenation) and repeated using the * operator.

String Quiz

Which of these is NOT a valid way to create a string?

  • text = "Hello"
  • text = 'Hello'
  • text = "Hello' (mismatched quotes)

What does print("Hi" * 3) output?

  • HiHi
  • HiHiHi
  • Error

2. Integer (int)

An integer is a whole number, meaning it has no decimal point. Integers can be positive, negative, or zero.


# Example of integers
age = 25               # Positive integer
negative_number = -10  # Negative integer
zero = 0               # Zero

# Simple integer operations
print(age + 5)         # Output: 30
print(negative_number - 2)  # Output: -12

Tip: You can do arithmetic with integers using operators like +, -, * (multiply), and / (divide).

Integer Quiz

What is the result of 7 // 2 (floor division)?

  • 3
  • 3.5
  • 4

Which of these is NOT an integer?

  • 42
  • 3.14
  • -7

3. Float (float)

A float is a number with a decimal point. Floats are useful when you need precision, such as with measurements or currency.


# Example of floats
height = 5.8           # Positive float
temperature = -20.5    # Negative float
pi = 3.14159           # Common mathematical constant

# Simple float operations
print(height * 2)      # Output: 11.6
print(pi + 1)          # Output: 4.14159

Tip: Floats can handle fractions and support the same arithmetic operations as integers.

Float Quiz

What is the type of 4.0?

  • int
  • float
  • str

What does 0.1 + 0.2 return in Python?

  • 0.3 (exact)
  • 0.30000000000000004 (floating-point precision)

4. Boolean (bool)

A boolean represents one of two values: True or False. Booleans are often used to make decisions in code using conditions.


# Example of booleans
is_student = True      # Boolean representing truth
has_permission = False # Boolean representing falsehood

# Simple boolean usage
print(is_student)      # Output: True
print(has_permission)  # Output: False

# Using booleans in conditions
if is_student:
    print("Welcome, student!")  # Output: Welcome, student!
else:
    print("Access denied.")

Tip: Booleans are used in comparisons and logical operations like and, or, and not.

Boolean Quiz

What is the result of not True?

  • False
  • True

What does 5 > 3 and 2 < 4 evaluate to?

  • True
  • False

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