Cloud Containers & Kubernetes: Multi-Cloud Orchestration Guide

Master container deployment and Kubernetes orchestration across AWS EKS, Azure AKS, and Google GKE. This tutorial covers cluster architecture, deployment patterns, and advanced orchestration techniques for production environments.

Container Adoption (2023)

Kubernetes (58%)

Serverless Containers (25%)

Basic Containers (17%)

1. Container Fundamentals

Core Concepts:

Images vs Containers: Immutable templates vs runtime instances
Container Registry: Cloud-native image repositories
Runtime Isolation: cgroups and namespaces

Multi-Cloud Container Services:

AWS

Elastic Container Registry (ECR)
Elastic Container Service (ECS)
Fargate (Serverless)

Azure

Container Registry (ACR)
Container Instances (ACI)
App Service Containers

Google Cloud

Artifact Registry
Cloud Run
Compute Engine Containers

Sample Dockerfile:

# Multi-stage build example
FROM node:16 as builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci
COPY . .
RUN npm run build

FROM nginx:alpine
COPY --from=builder /app/dist /usr/share/nginx/html
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

2. Kubernetes Core Architecture

Cluster Components:

Component	AWS EKS	Azure AKS	Google GKE
Control Plane	Managed by AWS	Managed by Azure	Managed by GCP
Worker Nodes	EC2 or Fargate	VM Scale Sets	GCE or Autopilot
Networking	VPC CNI	Azure CNI	GKE Networking

Managed Kubernetes Comparison:

Auto-Scaling: Cluster (AWS), Nodepool (Azure), Both (GKE)
Pricing: Per-cluster (AWS), Free CP (Azure), Per-node (GKE)
Serverless Option: Fargate (AWS), ACI (Azure), Autopilot (GKE)

3. Deployment Patterns

Common Strategies:

Rolling Update

Gradual pod replacement

strategy:
  type: RollingUpdate
  rollingUpdate:
    maxUnavailable: 25%

Blue-Green

Full environment switch

kubectl apply -f green.yaml
kubectl switch services/foo --green

Canary

Percentage-based traffic

traffic:
- revision: v1
  percent: 90
- revision: v2
  percent: 10

Multi-Cloud Deployment Tools:

AWS: EKS Blueprints, App Mesh
Azure: AKS Deployment Center, Service Mesh
GCP: Anthos, Traffic Director

Kubernetes Object Cheat Sheet

Object	Purpose	Cloud-Specific Notes
Deployment	Stateless apps	Works identically across clouds
StatefulSet	Stateful apps	Storage class varies by cloud
Ingress	External access	Uses cloud LB (ALB, App GW, GCLB)

4. Advanced Orchestration

Service Mesh

Istio, Linkerd, Consul

AWS App Mesh, Azure Service Mesh, Anthos Service Mesh

GitOps

ArgoCD, Flux

Integrated with all cloud providers

Serverless Kubernetes

Fargate, ACI, Autopilot

No node management required

Production Cluster Checklist

✓ Configure cluster auto-scaling

✓ Implement pod security policies

✓ Set up centralized logging

✓ Test disaster recovery procedures

Kubernetes Expert Insight: CNCF's 2023 survey shows 78% of organizations now run Kubernetes in production, with 62% using managed services from cloud providers. The key to success is standardizing deployments while leveraging cloud-specific integrations for networking and storage.

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